Transaction Control Commands:in sql step by step

Transaction control commands in SQL are used to manage and control transactions within a database. Transactions are sets of one or more SQL statements that are executed as a single unit of work. They are typically used to ensure the consistency and integrity of data in a database. There are four main transaction control commands in SQL: BEGIN TRANSACTION (or simply BEGIN), COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT. Let’s go through each of these commands step by step:

BEGIN TRANSACTION (or BEGIN):

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This command marks the beginning of a new transaction.

BEGIN TRANSACTION;
-- or simply
BEGIN;

SQL Statements:

Execute one or more SQL statements as part of the transaction. These statements can include INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, or any other SQL command that modifies the database.

COMMIT:

This command is used to permanently save the changes made during the transaction to the database.
Syntax

COMMIT;

ROLLBACK:

This command is used to undo all the changes made during the current transaction.

ROLLBACK;

SAVEPOINT (optional):

A SAVEPOINT is a point within a transaction to which you can later roll back. It allows you to create a point in the transaction from which you can either COMMIT or ROLLBACK. Syntax:

SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT (optional):

This command is used to roll back the transaction to a specific SAVEPOINT within the transaction.

ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

COMMIT (optional):

Once you have successfully completed a transaction or a portion of it after a SAVEPOINT, you can commit the changes to the database.

COMMIT;

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